Linux for DevOps

1.Kernel Components: Compile, configure, and install a Linux kernel.

2.System Startup: Boot the system.

3.Filesystem Management: Create and manage file systems, including encryption.

4.Hardware: Configure and manage hardware components and devices.

5.Filesystem Structures: Understand and use various filesystems.

1.Customizing Startup and Boot Procedures: Customize system startup and boot processes.

2.Init: Identify and manage the init system.

3.System V: Manage System V init scripts and services. 4.System Recovery: Implement system recovery procedures.

1.Partitioning and Formatting: Create, maintain, and troubleshoot file systems.

2.Mounting: Configure and troubleshoot disk devices and filesystems.

3.Filesystem Features: Manage advanced file system features.

4.Swap: Configure and manage swap space.

5.Devices and Kernel Modules: Manage storage devices and kernel modules.

1.RAID: Configure and manage RAID.

2.LVM: Implement and manage Logical Volume Manager (LVM).

    1. Understanding LVM

    2. Creating Logical Volumes

    3. Supporting Logical Volumes

    4. Understanding the Device Mapper

  1. Networking Basics

  2. Configuring Network Features

      1. Network Configuration Files

      2. Graphical Tools

      3. Command-Line Tools

    3. Basic Networking Configuration: Configure network settings.

4.Advanced Network Configuration: Implement advanced network configurations. 5.Troubleshooting Network Issues: Troubleshoot network connectivity issues.

6.DNS: Configure DNS resolution and troubleshoot DNS issues.

1.System Monitoring Basics:

  •Understanding the importance of system monitoring.

  •Key metrics to monitor: CPU usage, memory utilization, disk activity, and network traffic.

2.Command Line Tools:

  •Using command-line utilities like top, htop, and iotop to monitor system resource usage in real-time.

3.Sysstat and sar:

  •Configuring and using the sysstat package to collect and analyze system performance data over time using the sar command.

4.Graphical Tools:

  •Exploring graphical system monitoring tools like GNOME System

5.Monitor, KSysGuard, and htop. 5.Log Analysis:

  •Analyzing system logs (e.g., /var/log) for error messages and diagnostic information.

  •Understanding the structure of log files.

6.Performance Monitoring:

  •Utilizing tools like vmstat, iostat, and nload for monitoring various performance metrics.

7.Network Monitoring:

  •Using network monitoring tools like iftop, nload, and nethogs to monitor network activity.

  •Configuring network traffic analysis with Wireshark.

8.Disk and File System Monitoring:

  •Monitoring disk activity and I/O performance with tools like iotop and iostat.

  •Checking disk space usage with df and du.

9.Process Monitoring:

  •Tracking running processes and their resource usage with tools like ps and htop.

  •Identifying and managing resource-intensive processes

10.Performance Tuning:

  •Using monitoring data to identify and resolve performance bottlenecks.

  •Implementing system optimizations based on monitoring insights.

11.Log Rotation and Retention:

  •Configuring log rotation to manage log file size and retention periods.

  •Using log analyzers like Logwatch and Logrotat

Configuring a DNS Server

• Understanding DNS and BIND

• Configuring DNS on Linux

• Starting, Stopping, and Reloading BIND

• Configuring BIND Logging

Creating and Maintaining DNS Zones

• Exploring BIND Zone Files

• Managing BIND Zones on Linux Securing a DNS Server

• Setting Up Basic Security

• Jailing BIND

• Using DNSSEC

1.Installation and Configuration:

•Installing Nginx on your chosen Linux distribution.

•Configuring Nginx for load balancing. 2.Server Blocks for Load Balancing:

•Configuring server blocks for load balancing multiple backend servers. •Setting up and defining load balancing algorithms (e.g., round-robin, least connections).

3.Health Checks:

•Configuring health checks to monitor the availability of backend servers.

•Managing server states based on health check results.

4.Session Persistence:

•Configuring session persistence (stickiness) to maintain client sessions on the same backend server.

5.TLS/SSL Termination:

•Enabling SSL termination on Nginx to offload SSL/TLS encryption from backend servers.

•Managing SSL certificates and ciphers for load-balanced connections. 6.Optimizing Load Balancing:

•Tuning Nginx settings for optimal load balancing performance. •Configuring timeouts and buffering.

1.Installation and Configuration:

•Installing Keepalived on multiple load balancer nodes.

•Configuring Keepalived for high availability.

2.VRRP (al Router Redundancy Protocol):

 •Setting up virtual IP addresses and routers.

•Configuring VRRP for failover.

3.Health Checking and Failover:

•Implementing health checks to monitor the health of load balancer nodes.

•Automating failover when a node becomes unavailable.

4.Load Balancer Node Sync:

•Synchronizing Nginx configurations between the active and standby nodes.

5.Monitoring and Logging:

•Monitoring the status and performance of Keepalived and load balancer nodes.

•Configuring logging for diagnostics and troubleshooting.

6.Security and Access Control:

•Implementing security measures to protect Keepalived and load balancer nodes.

•Access control for administrative interfaces.

1.Installation and Setup:

•Installing HAProxy on your chosen Linux distribution.

•Configuring the basic settings in the HAProxy configuration file.

2.Load Balancing:

•Configuring load balancing for distributing incoming traffic among multiple backend servers.

•Implementing various load balancing algorithms, such as round-robin, least connections, and source IP-based load balancing.

3.Health Checks:

•Setting up health checks to monitor the availability of backend servers.

•Managing server states based on health check results. 4.Session Persistence:

•Configuring session persistence (stickiness) for maintaining client sessions on the same backend server.

5.SSL Termination:

•Enabling SSL termination on HAProxy to offload SSL/TLS encryption from backend servers.

•Configuring SSL certificates and ciphers. 6.ACLs and Access Control:

•Using Access Control Lists (ACLs) to control access to specific services and backends.

7.High Availability and Failover:

•Setting up high availability configurations for HAProxy to ensure system uptime.

•Implementing failover mechanisms.

8.Logging and Monitoring:

•Configuring and managing logs for troubleshooting and monitoring.

•Integrating with monitoring tools and log analyzers.

9.Security and Protection:

•Protecting against common security threats, like DDoS attacks and SQL injection.

•Implementing security measures for HAProxy. 10.Customizing Error Pages:

•Creating custom error pages for improved user experience.

11.HTTP Compression and Optimization:

•Compressing and optimizing HTTP responses for improved performance.

12.Advanced Routing and Redirection:

•Configuring advanced routing and URL redirection based on request criteria.